Tag: DARPA Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency
DARPA standing for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency is a specially designed military agency and is a part of the U.S. department of Defense. The purpose of DARPA is to design and develop the technology needed for strengthening the Department of Defense and to fulfill the technological needs of the armed forces not only for the present but also for the future. DARPA was initiated due to the shock U.S. received after the launch of the Soviet Sputnik 1 in 1957. Its stated goal is to make and keep the U.S. as the most technological advanced in each and every military aspect both in space and in earth. Apart from that it also aims at giving technological surprise to the potential enemy states.
Initiated primarily as Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) in 1958 by the President Dwight D. Eisenhower, DARPA has been the pioneer of many advanced technologies which have become the object of daily use like computer networking, graphical user interface etc. Headquartered in Arlington, Virginia DARPA is independent from other military agencies and reports directly to the office of the Department of Defense.
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) is a special branch of the U.S. Department of defense which was formed for taking care of and boosting up technological advancements for the military services. DARPA stands for Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency. It was initially named as ARPA, Advanced Research Projects Agency and was established in 1958. Headquartered in Arlington, Virginia it was initiated by the President Dwight D. Eisenhower to lead the technological frontier of the U.S. Armed forces. DARPA was the outcome of the surprise the U.S. Department of Defense experienced after the sudden launch of Sputnik 1. The Sputnik 1 definitely gave space superiority to Russia over the U.S. To prevent such future surprise and to give surprise to the potential enemy state was the primary goal of DARPA. Besides DARPA also aims at developing technology that will not only fulfill the present need but also will go far beyond into fulfilling the future needs beforehand.
DARPA has funded and developed many technologies that have now become the day to day technology of everyday life. Such as computer networking and graphical user interface etc. With Arati Prabhakar as the Agency Executive DARPA has 240 employees on average and an annual budget of 2.8 billion.
Enthusiasts from an aerospace community of flight hobbyists named Flite Test has recently developed the first ever successful drone helicarrier from which another drone can easily take off and with more appropriation can even land on it. They published this video on their Facebook page on 4th November 2014 showcasing their developed technology. However this is still in its final developing stage and has been developed to operate on small scale. But the engineers expect that the technology can be implemented in practical field of helicareer and drone development at an international scale. And the developed careers are likely to be able to serve as takeoff grounds for any wartime drone or other aircrafts that till now have to take off from the ground.
Flight Test offers a meeting place where all those who have a passion for flights, flying and aircraft engineering and development can come together to share their ideas and designs. In this video from them you can see a little toy sized drone taking off from the small rectangular remote controlled helicareer with two rotors on each side. This case study was showcased in the Horizon Indoor Electric Festival earlier this year.
This technology has major Department of Defense implications. Now that this tech has been dreamed up and put into a prototype, DARPA just might be calling Flite Test for something a little bigger. Or maybe Northrop Grumman, BAE, Boeing, or Lockheed Martin could be called on.
This video talks about scramjet engine and its capability of travelling in hypersonic speed (meaning greater than Mach 5). Joseph Vogel, the Director of Hypersonics of Boeing Defense, Space & Security talks about X-51A WaveRider, an unmanned scramjet powered demonstration aircraft for hypersonic flight testing. The aim of the aircraft is to travel at Mach 6 or 4000 miles per hour. As this aircraft uses its shock wave for adding lift it has been named WaveRider. The X-51A WaveRider has the capability of travelling across the United States in less than one hour. This aircraft is a result of the Waverider program which is run jointly by Boeing, the Air Force Research Laboratory, DARPA and Pratt & Whitney Rocketdyne. This X-51 technology is going to be used in a Mach 5+ missile named High Speed Strike Weapon (HSSW) which is planned to be launched in 2020.
The X-51A WaveRider is chiefly designed to demonstrate various aspects of hypersonic flight. It completed its first ever flight on 26 May 2010 and in June the second test flight took place. With a goal of achieving Mach 6 for 300 seconds, a test flight was conducted in August 2012. But the aircraft crushed after 16 seconds due to some troubles in the control fin. After all these failed attempts, X-51A completed its first successful flight on May 1 2013. In that flight X-51A achieved hypersonic speed above Mach 5 for 210 seconds.
DARPA has been busy with the advancement of Ground X-Vehicle Technology.
English: This was the most up-to-date DARPA logo as of January 2009. It is obsolete now. (Photo credit: Wikipedia)
There has been a consistent formula which applies to mechanized warfare for at least a century, with regards to the protection of land-based armored vehicles and those who occupy them which is, the more the armor, the more the protection. The difficulty that has developed in the recent years is that with the increased armored protection, there has been an even higher increase in the penetration power of weaponry. As a result, there has been an exponential increase in the armor on such vehicles. This decreases the mobility of these vehicles while at the same time, it shoots up the manufacturing cost. This also restricts the access of such vehicles to roads only, and it becomes next to impossible for them to gain access into restricted spaces.
Size of the Ground X-Vehicle Technology Does Matter
On looking at any US Army armored division, the first thing that one notices is that the tanks are really, really big, and expensive. For instance, a British Challenger 2 weighs 68.9 tons and comes with a price tag of $7 million. There is no escape because, with the increasing power of antitank weapons, the tanks have to be increased in size accordingly. If we take a look back into history, during the First World War, the tanks were no larger than an average-sized SUV. However, over the years, tanks began to get loaded with heavier artillery and more sophisticated armor. To compound matters further, there was a lot of technology being loaded onto these tanks. This resulted in bigger tanks – much bigger.
All this led to the US military taking a closer look at the way armored vehicles are being produced and there was a serious doubt as to whether “The more the armor, the more the protection” was the only solution to the problem. With this in mind, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA) put into force the Ground X-Vehicle Technology (GXV-T) program for addressing this issue and streamlining the way mechanized warfare is executed. Under the new program, instead of adding on armor, there would be a different approach to resisting and avoiding direct hits on armored vehicles, thus increasing mobility and survivability.
Ground X-Vehicle Technology
Specifications Ground X-Vehicle Technology
Here is a product that is not quite on the drawing board yet. However the Ground X-Vehicle Technology is being pursued single-mindedly by DARPA. Here is a brief description of the technology that DARPA is trying to implement in the years to come.
The main aim of the Ground X-Vehicle Technology is to produce tanks which are “half as heavy and twice as fast.” The program stresses on agility of the vehicles which should have capabilities of swiftly reacting to an attack by say, shifting the location of armor around within a split second. At the same time it should be able to effect a rapid change in direction in a bid to avoid a direct attack. DARPA also requires that the vehicles should have the capability of literally “dodging” bullets and rockets aimed at them.
The concept of the Ground X-Vehicle Technology program is to entirely remove the dependency on excessive armor once and for all. Kevin Massey, a DARPA program manager cites the example of the X-plane programs where more efficient aircraft was developed but, while at the same time, drastically reducing the size. The GXV-T program aims at manufacturing vehicles which are 50% smaller, thereby reducing the size of the crews and at the same time doubling the speed. These vehicles should be accessible to more than 95% of the terrain, increasing the difficulty in locating and engaging them.
What all this means is that methods have to be devised for producing tanks which are capable of off-road movements, similar to the way rally cars operate, and should be capable of dodging enemy attacks, while at the same time exhibiting stealth properties, shielding them from detection through infrared and electromagnetic sensors. In line with all these requirements, DARPA is hopeful of the emergence of these new GVX-T technologies within two years of awarding the contracts to successful bidders which is scheduled for April 2015.
DARPA Proposers’ Day
The need for bringing in fresh technology to realize the requirements of the Ground X-Vehicle Technology was expressed in the form of “Proposers Day” held on 5 September 2014. The aim of this gathering was to get prospective contractors together at one place, where they could put forth ideas, backed with the related technologies for the development of ground-based vehicles in line with the requirements of the Ground X-Vehicle Technology.
Order of Things to come
With the aggressive campaign of DARPA to create the Ground X-Vehicle Technology, it is going to be interesting to watch and see which way the wind blows. Budgets permitting, it does seem that the US Army is headed for a technological revolution in terms of ground-based vehicles. Although it is early days yet, when the technology finally does come into the field, it will probably change the way land-based army combat operations are executed. Until then, we can only wait and see what emerges with Ground X-Vehicle Technology.
A video of the Ground X-Vehicle Technology concept can be found here:
